【經你個濟】住宿?走讀?西港島線的大學生活

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By Qwer132477 (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

對於居住在較遠地方的大學新生,住宿還是走讀,都是一個重要的問題。近年,總是從不少舍堂打聽,舍堂收生率大不如前。大家或許會解釋,近年新生受不起磨練,不願參與花太多心力和時間在舍堂活動上。然而,這種論點好點像上一輩投訴現今一代受不起苦一樣,不大經得起考驗。事實上,西港島線開通,為新生提供多點選擇,也改變了其行為,或許也是對舍堂的一個考驗。

人對大多數的物品都有需求,住宿也是一樣。住宿有代價,包括住宿費用和其他非金錢成本。非金錢成本包括參與舍堂活動的時間成本(打波、社交、開樓會……不能盡錄,均需要時間投入)。代價愈高,則愈不願意住宿。當時,如果你重視舍堂活動帶來的好處 (友情、團結、活動帶來的滿足感),你對住宿的需求會比其他人高。

二零一四年至之前,西港島線尚未開通,即使住左港島炮台山,回校全靠巴士,也要至少半小時。住在新界更慘不忍睹,每天大約三小時來回,還要在車上長時間站立,回校回家已見疲態。可見,當時走讀成本非常高。或許對不少居住在較遠地方的新生而言,要選擇走讀還是住宿,根本就不是一個選擇。沒有宿,儼如中世紀時被教宗絕罰。故此,假如當時宿費水漲船高,或是大仙對新生諸多留難或磨練,這些新生也唯有接受。經濟學上,這稱為低彈性需求,即是你的替代選擇不太多,所以即使住宿的代價再高,新生也認為這已是最佳選擇,唯有接受。

西港島線開通後,住港島的朋友已經能在短時間往返大學,住在新界的學生也只需一小時就能回到大學。住宿還是走讀,已經真真正正是一個決擇。現在若然大仙要求多,或與樓友不和,大不了就退宿,重歸遊子身,畢竟乘鐵返校十分方便。選擇多了,需求彈性也高了,議價能力也較高,住宿已不像昔日般重要。

或許舍堂不但要互相競爭,也要和港鐵競爭。港鐵為大家提供住宿以外的選擇,而且對舍堂活動不大熱情的新生們算得上是吸引。舍堂要吸引新生,無可避免要「自降身價」。住宿費不太像是舍堂學生會能控制,唯一可以改變的是舍堂活動的要求。不時從朋友處打聽,不少舍堂的迎新已經「減辣」,又見有傳統舍堂已經不再要求宿生必須參與體育或文化活動,上莊的諮詢大會也比以往輕鬆,也有舍堂早幾年前已經反對仙制。這些都是對港鐵引入的「市場競爭」而作出的回應。

近日不斷有報章刊登有舍堂宿生玩得過份,一學院承認有欺凌成份,當然令人失望。另一舍堂指事件不涉欺凌成份,但不少網民仍然不相信這是大學生的社交活動,只屬耍樂。筆者認為,現今學生有選擇,不再像往昔般。住宿已是宿生作出的最佳而理性的選擇,他們認為舍堂生活有其意義,樂在其中,網民又何須堅持大學生偶而瘋狂是欺凌事件?再者,住宿有意義與否,從來是宿生決定,儼如我們認為學習有其價值,故願意每日花時間乘車回校上課,道理如一,又何須外人道?

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